Common food additives for sale used in beverages can be categorized into several types, each serving specific functions. Here is a detailed overview of these additives and their roles in beverages:

1. Sweeteners
- Natural Sweeteners:
- Sucrose (Table Sugar): Provides sweetness and bulk, commonly used in carbonated drinks and fruit juices.
- High-Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS): Used extensively in the U.S., it is sweeter than regular sugar.
- Honey: Adds natural sweetness and viscosity.

- Artificial Sweeteners:
- Aspartame: A low-calorie sweetener, 200 times sweeter than sucrose, used in diet sodas.
- Saccharin: One of the oldest artificial sweeteners, 300 times sweeter than sucrose.
- Sucralose: A chlorinated sucrose derivative, 500-600 times sweeter than sucrose, used in low-calorie beverages.

2. Acidity Regulators
- Citric Acid: Commonly used to add a sour taste and enhance flavor. It also helps in preserving the drink.
- Phosphoric Acid: Used in cola drinks to give a sharp flavor and to inhibit microbial growth.
- Malic Acid: Used in fruit-flavored beverages to enhance the natural fruit flavor.

3. Flavors and Flavor Enhancers
- Natural Flavors: Extracted from fruits, herbs, and other natural sources to add authentic taste.
- Artificial Flavors: Chemically synthesized to mimic natural flavors, commonly used in soft drinks and energy drinks.
- Caffeine: Added to cola and energy drinks to provide a stimulating effect.

4. Colors
- Natural Colors:
- Caramel Color (E150a): Used in colas and other dark-colored beverages.
- Beta-Carotene: Provides a natural orange color.

- Synthetic Colors:
- Sunset Yellow (E110): Bright yellow color used in various soft drinks.
- Brilliant Blue FCF (E133): Used in blue-colored beverages and blue raspberry products.

5. Preservatives
- Sodium Benzoate: Commonly used in acidic beverages to inhibit microbial growth.
- Potassium Sorbate: Used in fruit juices and sodas to extend shelf life.

6. Thickeners and Stabilizers
- Xanthan Gum: Used to improve the viscosity and stability of beverages.
- Pectin: Derived from fruits, used in fruit juices and teas to maintain consistency.
- Carrageenan: Extracted from seaweed, used to stabilize and thicken beverages.

7. Antioxidants
- Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C): Used to prevent oxidation and maintain freshness.
- BHT (Butylated Hydroxytoluene): Prevents oxidation in beverages containing fats.

8. Other Additives
- Emulsifiers: Such as lecithin, used to help mix oil and water in beverages.
- Color Protectors: Nitrites and nitrates are used in tea beverages to maintain color.

These additives are essential in the beverage industry to enhance taste, appearance, and shelf life while ensuring safety and compliance with regulatory standards.